Secretary General of the OECD since 2006, Angel Gurria, 61, has been renewed for a second term of four years as head of the organization in 2010. Former Minister of Finance, Budget and Foreign Affairs of Mexico, he managed an iron hand the consequences of the Mexican crisis of 1995. He is an ardent supporter of the enlargement of the OECD to emerging countries.

LE FIGARO. – What is the OECD today? Is it the think-tank of globalization?

Angel Gurria. – No this is not a think-tank! It is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to the promotion and implementation of better policies for a better life. We observe, measure, comparing the data, draws conclusions, which are transformed into policy proposals. It covers all the topics of economic, social, environmental.Only exceptions: military defense.

In fifty years, what do you see as the greatest successes of the OECD?

We just updating the code of conduct for multinational enterprises, written fifty years ago and upgraded several times! Among the findings of the OECD, I quote: the principle of "polluter pays" principle, the objectives of the Millennium Development Goals, the issue of scarcity of natural resources.There are also investigations on education Pisa (Programme for International Student Assessment, Ed) which are a bombshell in the world's lowest-scoring, or the anti-corruption convention, which gave rise to new legislation in Russia, Israel, Chile and the United Kingdom! Finally, thanks to the OECD, bank secrecy for tax evasion is dead …

The great weakness of the OECD is it not the absence of sanctions?

The power does not lie in the ability to punish but to convince. No international organization can not really impose sanctions on Member States, apart from the European Union fast cash advance loan. But the EU is a special case: the Member States agreed to dispose of part of their sovereignty, which is not the case at the OECD.Nevertheless, our country reports, our rankings and our method of Pisa "name and shame" (literally "name and shame", Ed) on taxation are feared by the Member States.

Does it matter that the G20 countries are not all OECD member?

No! We work with Brazil, China, Russia, India, South Africa or Indonesia daily on all subjects. They are asking for reports. They participate in our work. Of course, it would be better if they were full members because they participated in our decisions, but we are not looking to become a universal organization. Efficiency does not depend on the number. The important thing is to have the views of major emerging issues of global concern.

What would prevent China from being an OECD member?

Nothing! She can start accession negotiations tomorrow, if she wishes.The OECD was invited as a privileged partner in 2007, with a membership perspective. At the approach to it, decide if it wants to become a member or not. For us it would be an honor and a privilege. Then, in the end process, it will be for Member States of the OECD to decide if China meets the political criteria and techniques …

Should we restructure, reschedule debt Greek?

The decision to go to a debt rescheduling Greek does not seem bad. This gives time to digest Greece for its adjustment measures. For contracts, grant a repayment is the lesser evil, which does not reduce the principal amount of the debt. When this was discussed at Ecofin, last week, lenders have responded well: the yields of the Greek debt eased. The markets were reassured.

Wolfgang Schäuble confirmed and signed. At the risk of alienating France and the ECB, the German Finance Minister said yesterday that "the time has come" to pay to banks and private investors holding the bag in the crisis of sovereign debt. "It's a question of moral responsibility, said the German official. Ultimately, investors – and that includes of course the European bond holders – must support both the risks and the benefits of their investment. In recent crises, it is almost exclusively the taxpayers who have borne the loss. This is unacceptable! "

The offensive seeks to convince partners of Germany, when the bloc about to lock a permanent mechanism for rescue of troubled countries. Joined the menu of the June EU summit, the European Stability Mechanism (SPM) should enter into operation in 2013.But in the midst of controversy over a possible debt forgiveness in favor of Athens, Wolfgang Schäuble furbishes also the weapons of those who argue that the creditor banks should immediately take their share of the burden.

Market Discipline

The replica of the European Central Bank did not take long. The chief economist Juergen Stark has denounced as a "catastrophe" scenario of a debt restructuring Greek. It would cause, he said, "collapse" of the economy and banking system in the country. Across the eurozone, it would complicate the use of borrowing for other troubled countries. It would kill the plans in the bud "adjustment" set up for Ireland and Portugal. For Vice-President of the ECB's Vitor Constancio, "The debt restructuring should remain what it is, a final and last resort."

France, she is sticking to its position."It is beyond question, be it restructuring, rescheduling or debt reprofiling, Tuesday assured Christine Lagarde. The only issue at stake is the determination of Greece to implement the program, "austerity negotiated with the EU, the IMF and the ECB.

Expected at the forum yesterday in Brussels, the French minister was canceled. We need more to convince markets that the succession process rigor imposed on Greece, Ireland and Portugal may succeed.

"The political risk of alienating voters'

Deutsche Bank expects a debt forgiveness of 50% to allow Greece to start on a sound footing. "Nobody can argue that Europe now has a satisfactory system rescue, said its chief economist Thomas Mayer.Banks should, too, suffer the discipline of the market and fail if necessary "under the weight of bad loans.

Wolfgang Schäuble added to demonstrate a political argument to deflect the rise of populism. "To constantly refloat private investors, policy makers may simply alienate European voters. It's not for nothing that the EU institutions are perceived as distant, technocratic and locked in a world of impenetrable jargon and insider trading. "To constantly refloat private investors, policymakers may s alienate voters in Europe … "

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Hotel occupancy in France was restarted in 2010 after the 2009 economic crisis, while the success of the campsites can not be denied, especially for higher-end, according to an INSEE survey released Thursday.

In 2010 the number of overnight stays in hotels rose 2.2% in France compared to 2009 to 192.2 million. The growth has not led to clear decline in 2009 (-4.9%). Let alone find the record of 2007 (198.9 million nights), this study is conducted in partnership between INSEE and the general direction of Competitiveness, Industry and Services (DGCIS).

Business customers (+4.6%) largely explains the recovery. Foreign tourists are partly income (+2.8%). The attendance of French customers has also increased (+2%).

The upscale hotels are the first beneficiaries of the recovery.The number of overnight stays increased by 12% for 4 and 5 star establishments, 3.7% for the 3 stars but is down 0.7% for the 2 stars.

Chinese customers (+45%) arrive en masse, before the South Americans (+28%) and clients of the Near and Middle East (+23%).

Europeans are fewer (-0.2%). The clientele of the United Kingdom, traditionally the most important, yet declining sharply in 2010 (-6.7%). However, attendance is strong from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (+13.2%) and Russians (28.3%).

For the 2010 season, the number of overnight camping has increased slightly (+0.9%) to 103.8 million.

Servier Laboratories announced Wednesday the creation of a supplementary compensation fund that established for victims of the Mediator. The drug, marketed by the group in France from 1976 to 2009, would, according to various studies, responsible for the deaths of 500 to 2000 people. According to the "personal conviction" by Jacques Servier, the president and founder of the laboratory, only "three dead" are attributable to its product.

The pharmaceutical group said on Thursday that "the people (…) which have decided to benefit from the fund will waive any legal action." The proposal has not failed to arouse the indignation of victims' lawyers. "It takes the form of blackmail, believes François Honnorat. And coincidentally, Servier made the announcement following the crash of a patient in Rennes.

February 26, Ceferin Cordoba had a cardiac arrest following a forensic examination including an exercise test. At 57, this woman suffers from a serious heart condition. Operated end 2008 of two heart valves, she now lives with artificial valves and pacemakers. "This statement means that victims Servier have everything to lose by engaging in litigation against the laboratory. This will effect every effort to ensure that these procedures do not lead, "notes Francois Honnorat.

A major change in lexical

"Les Laboratoires Servier wish that all patients who suffered harm from taking Mediator can receive compensation," says the lab yet. And this is the most important point because the laboratory recognizes that his medication can cause harm.One point that did not fail to meet the victims' lawyers. "This is the first time that Servier says that there are victims of the Mediator. He thus accepts the harmfulness of its product, "says Mr. Charles Joseph Oudin.

This is a major lexical change. All consumers are victims. They have at least one injury for anxiety. In this case, that of having been exposed to the Mediator. However, case law is very clear on the subject. In the case of asbestos, employees had earned between 8000 and 10,000 euros, not for an injury, but due to anxiety provoked by exposure to asbestos. As part of the Mediator, it is unclear whether the "prejudice" referred to by the laboratory only for personal injuries.

Nathalie Carrere, counsel for Servier, determines that the victims' lawyers are "a very bad case in the laboratory" in terms of blackmail."Undertake not to make prosecution is the principle of any transaction and any settlement," she says. Currently, dozens of procedures to amicably between the victims and the laboratory are in progress.

The Paris Bourse is again very cautious in the beginning of this week, having already collapsed to 1, 23% last week, uncertainties about the global oil production has not improved over the weekend. At the opening, the benchmark index in Paris fell back to 0.55% from below 4,000 points.

Oil prices remain in effect under pressure Monday as Libya appears to sink into civil war. However, the country's fourth largest oil exporter in Africa after Nigeria, Algeria and Angola. The bulk of its exports destined for Europe. In morning trading, a barrel of light sweet crude gained $ 1.33 to 106.02 dollars.That of Brent North Sea was up 59 cents to 117.13 dollars.

Apart from the Asian markets, reassured by a drop in the yen against the greenback and the euro, the stock performance has been more mixed than the end of last week. The key index had dropped 1% in Paris on Friday night, amid bad news in the Arab countries and fear of rising interest rates after the words of Jean-Claude Trichet. Despite the employment figures in the United States better than expected and an early meeting in the largely green, Wall Street has finished its part of his week down 0.74% at 12,168.10 points, overtaken by the new surge in oil prices.

Beyond the uncertainties on oil, European financial markets are also new costs to fears about sovereign debt of the states of southern Europe, while the rating agency Moody's announced that it lowered three notches note of Greece (from Ba1 to B1), with a negative outlook. On other European markets, the Dax in Frankfurt Stock Exchange opened down 0.57% on Monday to 7,137.81 points and the FTSE in London back in turn of 0.26% to 5974.78 points.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro was stable against the dollar this morning, is now touefois just below the $ 1.40 threshold that had briefly passed Friday for the first time in nearly four months. Despite profit taking in morning trading, the European monnaire dollar traded at 1.3979 on Monday around 8:00, the same level as Friday night cash advance no fax.

On the front macroeconomics, few major indicators are expected to attend the first meeting weekly. United States, only the distribution of consumer loans, expected to 20:00 Paris time should attract the attention of operators.

Stay tuned especially today on the Paris exchange, the values of the aviation sector, while the Union of French airports (UAF) held this morning at 11:00 a press conference to present the results of activity of the French airports in 2010 and the outlook for the current year.

Nexans suspected of price fixing

LVMH

The world number one luxury takes 51% stake in Italian jeweler.LVMH could then launch a friendly takeover of the outstanding capital of Bulgaria.

EADS

Chairman of EADS North America, Ralph Crosby, announced that the group of European aerospace and defense would not challenge the award to Boeing's tanker contract from the U.S. Air Force.

Nexans

Cable manufacturers Nexans, Prysmian, ABB and many others of their counterparts will probably accused this month by the European Commission of unlawful agreement on prices, said Friday two sources familiar with the matter.

Accor – Fimalac

The hotel group announced the closing of the sale of its Fimalac 49% stake in Groupe Lucien Barriere, the leading French operator of casinos and luxury hotels such as Fouquet's on Champs-Elysees or Normandy, at Deauville.

Saffron

Safran said he would propose at a general meeting to abandon the current dual structure of society and return to a structure with board of directors.

Sanofi-Aventis

The laboratory has extended the offer for all the outstanding shares of Genzyme, for 74 dollars each, according to a statement released Monday. This offer ends on April 1 at 23:59 AM New York when she was previously scheduled to expire on March 16 at 17:00.

After market, Altarea Cogedim present its annual results.

After an opening in the red, the CAC 40 was the yo-yo around equilibrium without clear direction from frankly before declining. The CAC 40 lost 0.87% to 3870.45 points. At the London Stock Exchange, the FTSE-100 fell by 0.67% to 5,979.46 points and Frankfurt Stock Exchange, the DAX 0.52% to 6945.15 loose points.

These hesitations are expected to continue until early afternoon. Investors are waiting in effect until 14:30 the publication of unemployment figures and employment for the month of December in the United States.

Economists polled by Reuters expect 175,000 new jobs outside the agricultural sector for the month of December. In the aftermath, the Federal Reserve chairman, Ben Bernanke, must speak before the Senate Budget Committee.

On Thursday, the CAC 40 has canceled its gain of over 1% at mid-session, after the weekly claims for unemployment benefits rose in the United States.

U.S. employment and unemployment, European unemployment and GDP

On the macroeconomic front, after a miserly start of the week in news, the meeting will be hosted by a number of indicators.

In France, the trade deficit rose in November to 3.869 billion euros against 3.712 billion the previous month.

Are also expected index of construction costs and commercial rents in the third quarter (12 hours), and economic forecasting at INSEE for France in the first quarter 2011 (at 16 hours).

In the eurozone, the unemployment figures for November will be released at 11:00 and the third estimate of GDP for the third quarter (11:00).

United States, in addition to unemployment figures and employment for the month of December (1430), the consumer credit will be announced in 20 hours.

On the currency markets, the euro remains below $ 1.30 at exactly 1.2986 (-0.13%).

Record deliveries for Airbus

Against this backdrop of feverish, bank stocks are in decline: Societe Generale, which displays the largest decrease in the CAC 40 lost 1.86% to 41.36 euros, BNP Paribas 1.33% cowardly to 49.17 euros Crédit Agricole dropped 1.12% to 9.79 euros and Natixis yield 0.90% to 3.64 euros.

Renault: 1.37% to 47.46 euros

In the case of industrial espionage affects Renault, the automaker suspect a Chinese actor, according to information from Figaro economy.

GDF Suez: +0.40% to 27.62 euros

A spokesman for GDF Suez confirmed to AFP Thursday an information website of the magazine Challenges, that the group will abandon stock options. The device should be replaced by performance-related bonus shares in the group.

Hermes: 3.93% to 161.15 euros, LVMH: -1.39% to 120.20 euros

In the case of Hermes / LVMH, the AMF authorizes the Hermes family not to launch takeover bid for the entire group.

EADS: 0.16% to 19.11 euros

Airbus (EADS) achieved record shipments in 2010: more than 500 aircraft delivered to airlines Boeing 462 to cons.

Sanofi-Aventis: -0.10% to 50.23 euros

Sanofi-Aventis has announced the appointment, effective February 1, new leaders in emerging markets where the pharmaceutical company wants to strengthen.Patrick Aghanian will be responsible for the Eurasia region, Thomas Kelly of Asia, Heraldo Marchezini of Latin America and Jeremy Moulding of Japan and Pacific area.

Casino-Guichard: 0.05% to 72.93 euros

Casino Guichard now holds 99.6% shareholding in its subsidiary e-commerce Cdiscount.

Schneider Electric: 0.74% to 115.15 euros

Schneider Electric has signed an agreement to acquire majority shares of APW President Systems Limited, an Indian manufacturer of enclosures for the telecom and information technology.

Saint-Gobain 0.58% to 38.40 euros

The Dutch competition authority said it had fined 17.7 million dollars to several companies, accused of having formed a cartel in the glass, among which is the local subsidiary of Saint-Gobain.

Bourbon: -0.01% to 35.61 euros

Bourbon announced Thursday its decision to separate the roles of Chairman of the Board and Director General from 1 January 2011.Jacques de Chateauvieux therefore yield the reins of the operation to Christian Lefevre.

Axa: -0.19% to 13.47 euros

Axa Private Equity, the private equity subsidiary of Axa, is in exclusive talks with Bain Capital to acquire the French chemicals group Novacap according Agefi.

Dexia: -0.30% to 2.69 euros

Dexia has initiated the process of selling Deniz Emeklilik, its life insurance subsidiary in Turkey, according to Les Echos.

Arcelor Mittal: -2.44% to 27.59 euros

ArcelorMittal called Thursday evening to shareholders of Canadian Baffinland Iron Mines to accept its offer of 550 million Canadian dollars, considering it superior to that of Iron Ore Nunavut.

Thales: 0.57% to 26.66 euros

Canada has expressed a "strong interest" for the purchase of two vessels Mistral class manufacturer of DCNS, Thales which holds 25%, according to La Tribune.

Remy Cointreau: 3.77% to 55.10 euros

Goldman Sachs added Remy Cointreau to its list of preferred values and raised its recommendation from "buy," cons "neutral" before.

The 54,000 French employees of Renault are in shock. Three senior leaders of the group are suspected of having disclosed information on its future electric vehicles outside, according to internal sources. They were laid off Monday, said the executive, who cited "revelations of serious undermining strategic interests, intellectual and technological enterprise." This Thursday on RTL, the Industry Minister, Eric Besson, J. Case "serious" and said that "economic war" is adapted to this situation.

The case of industrial espionage revealed by AFP, whose magnitude is unprecedented at Renault, is something of an earthquake. One of the defendants on the committee steering group, which has twenty-seven members and is chaired by Carlos Ghosn, the CEO.This, according to several sources, Michel Balthazar, director of the division upstream projects and services, joined Renault thirty years ago. One of his subordinates, director of advanced vehicle projects, has also been incriminated and laid off. This branch is located in the heart of the group's strategy, since it is responsible to reflect on future vehicles, including electric cars.

The third part involved is attached to a division just as sensitive, the "plan, product and program." Unlike the other two, he worked exclusively on electric vehicles, as deputy director of the project.

Is unprecedented in this type of case, the three suspects were on foot the same day. Everything leads us to believe they were operating in concert. It could then be an organized system of selling information to the outside.The question remains who and why. A nearby industrial Renault ahead two tracks. A competitor or supplier may have been interested in the progress of Renault-Nissan in the development of its battery power. Another avenue: information on the electric motor development.

No complaint

The facts alleged against the three executives from Renault to go back this summer. In late August 2010, a "whistleblowing" was brought to the attention of the Ethics Committee at Renault, says the manufacturer. "The investigation that followed led to a layoff conservatory" of these people early in the week. These executives were ordered Monday to leave the field office. A layoff conservatory allows a company to dismiss an employee poses a risk to its operations, pending disciplinary action.The group has so far not complained.

"We feel it's a nightmare and that we will wake up," said one employee. This story is even more traumatic than the electric vehicle is the flagship project of the group, through which – with its ally Nissan – Renault wants to create a similar break with what had been successful with his Toyota Prius hybrid. Renault-Nissan wants to become the world leader in power, which he says represent 10% of global sales in 2020. In total, the group has invested 4 billion on this program. Renault will launch four electric vehicles over the period 2011-2012: Utility Kangoo Fluence family sedan, the compact and Zoe quadricycle Twizy.

The automotive industry is yet deemed to be one of the most secretive, as sales depend on technological advances.PSA Peugeot Citroen and Renault are also the first patent applicants in France, with respectively 1265 and 906 recorded in 2009. Already, more than 200 patents have been filed by Renault or are being considered solely on the electric vehicle. Nearly 1,700 engineers working on this project this year Technocentre at Guyancourt.

The electric heater is one of the most sensitive areas. Nissan has a joint venture with Japan's NEC to develop and manufacture the key component, which is the subject of a global battle. Renault-Nissan leading the way with 1.5 billion euros invested in the battery before its competitors Chinese, Korean, American, Japanese and German, according to Roland Berger.The Franco-Japanese targets a production capacity of 500,000 cars and electric batteries per year in 2013.

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"An Act to protect trade secrets

Year after year, the state tightens a little more live operators, these parastatals, ranging from job center at Météo France through museums. Only the universities, which are operators, but who receive a renewal policy, do not. This rigor is not a luxury for these 497 structures (excluding universities) employing 235,000 people, spends 29 billion a year and a property portfolio of 42 billion. Yet for years, management has been lax. Thus in 2007, operators have created 13,989 jobs, while eliminating 11,244 departments! But all that changed gradually from 2008 through the action of the Budget Ministry.Fewer jobs in 2009 and non-replacement of retiring in two from 2011 (involving 2,630 job cuts), identification of property assets and better management (in particular so that each agent does not exceed 12 square meter), lower operating expenses by 10% in three years and introducing a variable in executive compensation: a series of measurements has already been set up by Eric Worth, the former tenant of Bercy. They resumed in fact the rules that the state imposed on itself in government it controls directly.

Baroin, the current budget minister, wants to pursue this by going further. Bringing together the leaders of the 497 operators Bercy Monday he told them he had to get rid of "dependence infusion of public expenditure."This requires measures "symbolic": 2750 cars, a fleet of 17,000, will disappear in these organizations. But especially weighty decisions. The minister said Monday that future job losses will be less concentrated on a few agencies and variable pay in 2011 will cover all the management teams (against 57% today). In addition, operators will produce a document programming jobs otherwise they will not receive a portion of their grant. In addition, in 2012, operators will pay rent when the State is its owner. The goal: to encourage them to occupy less area. Finally, their accounts will reach that state. Baroin and recalled that he had a measure announced in September to ban these GSEs debt.

Still, among the key stakeholders, we would also like the state does its share of effort. Including the payment in due time its holdings. "We need financial relations between the state and operators are both clear, sincere and planned in advance," said Monday at a meeting Christian Charpy. Another complaint, on variable pay this time: often, the boost to merit no more than a few hundred euros per year. "It's the mindset that counts," replied Baroin. Very offensive, the Minister noted that the examples Irish, Spanish, English showed that France could not escape a strict policy of cost containment.

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The difficulties encountered by the sailing industry for three years forcing some major players from the combination. Bavaria German group, controlled by funds Anchorage Advisors and Oaktree Capital will announce in the coming days take control of Dufour Yachts currently held by the fund Rhone Capital.

Largest employer in the marine leisure sector with 600 jobs on Charente two production sites (Andilly and Périgny), Dufour Yachts will become the cornerstone of a new world leader in yachting. Indeed, Rhone Capital also controls the Italian shipyard Cantiere del Pardo.

"With this transaction we will be a very comprehensive group, present on all ranges," said Salvatore Serio, CEO of Dufour Yachts credit report. Indeed, the boats of ten meters perfectly complement the offer of the new group.They are indeed positioned between the entry-level boats Bavaria and production of sophisticated construction Alps.

"In total, the group will have a large production capacity," says Salvatore Serio, which can be currently estimated at about 2,000 boats. " The amount of investment in Bavaria has not been revealed. It could be unveiled at the boat show in which Dufour Yachts will present its "375 Grand Large".

From our special correspondent in Abu Dhabi Cedric Voisard

The Renault F1 Team will play tomorrow in Abu Dhabi, his last Grand Prix Formula 1. Indeed, as announced in our November 6 edition, Renault is preparing to divest stake in the team. Having sold 75% last winter Genii Fund Capital Partners, the diamond will sell the remaining 25% Malaysian manufacturer Proton. Lotus Cars will mark its commitment as title sponsor of the team, totaling 30 million euros per season over five years. Sources close to the deal, the signing is scheduled for Wednesday free credit score.

Last Sunday at the GP of Brazil, Carlos Ghosn, the president of Renault-Nissan, refused to comment on the report, but added: "We'll be there next year and in future seasons." Nine years after launching a 100% Renault team in 2001, the French manufacturer will, in fact, to focus on a single engine of activity, with Red Bull Racing Malaysia Racing Team and his future ex-team, whose official name will probably Lotus-Renault for reasons of TV rights.