Meeting Monday in Washington, the directors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has called on China to rebalance its growth. It is now driven by exports and investment, and little by domestic demand. Even if the consumption figures were revised upwards for 2009, growth in domestic demand remains a key challenge for the government, with control of inflation in property prices. In this regard, the IMF welcomes the measures taken by Beijing and noted that "additional measures may be needed to address this problem at its root.

Some members of the IMF estimate that a stronger currency would help China to rebalance its growth, expected by the institution in 2010 to 10.5% and 9.6% in 2011. Economists have however been divided on the issue of undervaluation of the yuan.In fact, six weeks after announcing the easing of exchange rate policy, China continues to monitor closely the movements of its currency, which gained less than 1% against the greenback.

The end of the docking of the renminbi to the dollar opened, at least, the prospects in Shanghai as an international financial center potential. Guangdong Development Bank, based in Canton, bet on this option and will move its bond traders and exchange rate regime in the economic capital of China.

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The CAC 40 is a little break after a meeting at which bounce saw the benchmark index of Paris close to over 3%. On Friday, the markets begin the session on a slight decline from 0.13% to 3595.66 points. The waiting game surrounding the publication of results of stress tests of European banks is felt. Already, the euro back a bit against the dollar at 1.2889 dollars around 9:00.

Yesterday, U.S. markets have done a great meeting Thursday at which time the Dow has gained almost 2%. U.S. markets relatively insensitive to the announcement of a surprise increase in weekly unemployment registrations have been worn by the overall business results above consensus.

In terms of macroeconomic statistics, the session looks very calm.No major indicator is expected in the United States.

In France, the French household consumption of manufactured goods fell 1.4% in June after the previous month was supported by purchases of televisions before the World Cup, according to figures published by INSEE before the opening markets. Throughout the second quarter, it shows a decrease of 0.9% after falling 1.9% on the first three months of the year. Analysts on average expected a rise of 0.2% in June

The Germans will unveil their Ifo business climate.

TF1 reviewing its objectives to increase

The stress test, however, occupy the banking sector.BNP Paribas, Societe Generale, Credit Agricole, Natixis (BPCE) or Dexia should respond.

Moreover, the markets will again this session to analyze several quarterly publications:

TF1 announced before market sales ad up 11% in the first semester for a total turnover of 1.28 billion euros, above the consensus. Net income group share was 74 million euros over the period. The objectives are significantly revised upward with a turnover in 2010 rose by 7% instead of 4%.

STMicroelectronics reported Thursday a profit above expectations at 18 cents per share with a turnover up 27% to 2.53 billion. Analysts on average expected a profit of 14 cents per share and a turnover of 2.513 billion dollars.

Pernod Ricard noted Thursday its annual forecast for operating profit thanks to the improved economic environment and its position in emerging markets. Its turnover in 2009-2010 emerged, up 2% on a comparable basis.

Ubisoft has released a turnover up 94% in the first quarter of 2010-2011, to 161 million euros and confirmed its objective of a provisional turnover of 160 million for the remainder of the year.

BioAlliance Pharma has announced a record turnover of 15.2 million euros in the second quarter against 1.5 million a year earlier, after recording in April in the United States Loramyc, light treatment of fungal infections of the mouth patients with cancer or AIDS.

As for ads, Alstom said it had won contracts valued at about 450 million euros for the construction of two units for a combined cycle power plant India.

Legrand announced Thursday a takeover offer for Indo Asian Switchgear India, where he produced nearly 4% of its annual turnover after the acquisition. Indo Asian Switchgea aims for 2010 sales of more than 35 million euros.

Maurel and Prom announced Thursday it had increased to approximately 70 million euros the amount of its issuance of Oceanes five years following the year's total allotment option.

From simple to double. In 2009, the price of a comparable basket of food and soft drinks were twice as high in the Member State of the European Union the most expensive in the cheapest, according to a survey published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the EU, which compared the prices of nearly 500 products in 37 countries across Europe.

Among the 27 countries of the European Union, Denmark takes the top spot, with rates higher than 39% the EU average. The Nordic country is followed by Ireland (29%) and Finland (20%). A laggard, Poland is the EU country where food prices are the lowest, 36% lower than average.Romania (34%) and Bulgaria (32%) are just ahead of Poland at the end of this ranking.

According to Eurostat, France was the eighth most expensive country in the EU for food in 2009, behind Germany (7th) and Belgium (6th), where food prices were respectively 11% and 15% higher than average.

In France, food prices (including soft drinks) were 10% more expensive than the EU average in 2009, reports Eurostat. In detail, the bread and cereals were costing 13% more in France, the 22% more meat and milk, cheese and eggs 4% more. Excluding food, prices of alcoholic beverages in France were 5% below the European average.Tobacco, however, was 33% more expensive.

"Taxation, particularly on alcohol and tobacco, varies enormously from one country to another, and this has an obvious impact on prices of products sold to consumers," says Mathieu Plane, an economist at the French Observatory Economic Conditions (OFCE). So tobacco is even more expensive in Ireland (117% above the EU average) and the United Kingdom (66%).

Discrepancies of wealth even more important

Other parameters explain the wide disparity within the EU. "The final prices are higher in the importing countries," says Mathieu Plane. Costs such as transportation of products are indeed passed on the labels on the shelves."As for producing countries, wages and other production costs are also reflected in consumer prices." Prices that are reported above the standard of living of each country.

Again, the European Institute of Statistics has found very large differences in wealth within the EU, in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) of all 27 members to its population. According to figures recently released by Eurostat, the EU's 13 states have a standard of living than the European average. France is in 11th place with 7% above average. At the other end of the table, Bulgaria ranks dead last with a per capita wealth less than 59% above the average of the 27 states. And seven times lower than the first classification, Luxembourg!

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lefigaro.fr – What do you think of the interference of government in governance of the France national football team?

Gilles Portelle – A long time ago that politicians are interested in sport and they have a stake. This reflects the place it occupies, in particular football, to our society.

In this case, the intervention of politics does not shock me given the consequences of this crisis for France's image abroad. Recall that FFF, like any federation, a Minister and it is normal that she is accountable. The management of events that took place in South Africa raises more general question of governance of the French sport and the organization of the major federations.The announcement of the Estates General on this theme is a good thing.

Faced with setbacks and non-sports athletes of the Blues, the sponsors have they been right to stop their advertising campaigns?

They had no choice but to do so. Indeed, these campaigns to a positive image around the team of France became totally out of step with the perception and feeling of the French people towards the players. Abrupt withdrawal of these campaigns and promotional campaigns around products bearing the image of the Blues is therefore an shortfall for marks.

The situation is dramatic in her image for sponsors?

What happened is damaging for brands including for those visible on the uniforms of the players were immersed in the heart of images that have shocked the French.A brand joins the sport primarily for the values it carries: the solidarity, commitment, fair play, respect. In other words, the absolute opposite of conduct adopted in South Africa. However, the French are part of things and can not be angry with brands that have expressed their support for the national team. I do not think they will turn away from these brands. They are the leaders and team players in France who are involved, not the team of France itself.

What the sponsors will require the FFF? Would they have an interest in breaking their partnership contract with the Blues?

The partners are entitled to demand explanations and guarantees for the future. Guarantees regarding the introduction of a new sports project and especially behavioral, consistent with the values they wish to associate.Guarantees regarding specific actions that the FFF has taken to improve the image of the group and the institution. These marks do not turn away from the team of France, the French first vector emotional and remains a partner of choice for brands. The Blues can for example TF1 to achieve record ratings, despite the setbacks and non-sports athletes of Team France.

If the conditions are met, they are ready to commit to support reconstruction. The chance of FFF is to have loyal partners, present mostly at his side for many years and are committed for the next four years.The Federation must take this opportunity to rebuild a new crew with new values closer to reality, to retain sponsors or attract new ones.

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Like The Prisoner, the hierarchs of the Societe Generale will designate them by numbers, which creates a particularly warm climate. In the case of Jerome Kerviel, we have, in order of increasing responsibility, N +1, N +2, etc.. Until the Director General, N 7. Hence the paradoxical equation that seeks to resolve the criminal court of Paris against a chain of command if expanded and a financial disaster without precedent: (N +1) + (N 2) … + (N +7) =- 4.9 billion euros in January 2008.

Here, at the helm, N +1. A tall, friendly, very thin uniform N + (gray suit, blue tie), polytechnician ruffled the soft look. In real life, he called Eric Cordelle, 38, married, two children. Societe Generale was dismissed in April 2008 and is currently "looking for a job."What is immediately striking is that it does not seem really for the post of Chief of Jerome Kerviel and seven other traders that he agreed in April 2007: expert financial engineering, back from Japan He knows neither the language nor the tricks of trading – exactly the opposite profile of its predecessor. Hence the hypothesis raised by the prosecution, that Mr. Kerviel would have easily eaten secretly by investing 50 billion euros.

What is striking then, is how little energy spent by N +1 to the detection of internal fraud. But N 2, we hear just now, as N 7 and N 6, previously interviewed, was no more ardent. It even comes to say that SocGen was on this point, less vigilant than the first quarter came drugstore. Its controls? A Maginot Line which Kerviel was played, and that his motive remains indecipherable is a poor excuse."A trader can not leave with the cash, 'explains Mr. Cordelle. Let. But why did we not informed, inviting him to greater scrutiny, the 2005 incident, which saw the apprentice trader Kerviel win 500 payday loan lenders.000 euros speculating as Allianz, then he did not have the right? Why does no one consults he never or almost Eliot software, which records all transactions (actual or fictitious) of his subordinate? Why is not the intended recipient of two letters from Eurex, the end of 2007, in which the German derivatives market to demand explanations on SocGen excessive operations implemented by Jerome Kerviel?

True, Mr.Cordelle gives the impression of having been "thrown into the lion's den," with Jerome Kerviel who has "been acting" with a real talent since "every time he explained something, it was credible . We want to believe it was lost in the maquis computer "- the formula is the president Pauthe – in which Mr. Kerviel, he, played as a fish in water.

"To find, we must seek"

But still, the Ecole Polytechnique has an easy to hide behind the situation – activity increase exponentially, inadequate staffing, etc … The fact is that it does not, in particular, read all the emails or bookkeeping, Perhaps it would put a flea in his ear. To him as to his superiors. Therefore the bank as a system, a system so sure of himself that he did not think to detect a free electron, which methodically undermined its own foundations."To find, we must look," says Mr. Cordelle, but this truism leaves the court on his hunger. For if one man could commit 50 billion euros without anyone noticing, jeopardizing a financial institution, its shareholders and its 150,000 employees, What were the controls? Why so many "N"?

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Jean-Louis Dumas in June 2001. Photo credits: AFP

"We have a banking sector in very difficult position since September 2008. On the airwaves of public radio RTE, the Irish Minister for Finance Brian Lenihan announced a massive bailout about to upset the Irish financial sector. His government is preparing to take effect in banking reform to rid the system of 81 billion euros of toxic assets from the Financial Times. The information was officially confirmed in the afternoon.

16 billion euros at a discount of 47%

To carry out this project, the Government should announce the creation of the National Asset Management Agency (NAMA), a bank created to buy their rotten assets, mostly mortgages risky accumulated before the bursting of the credit crisis.Initially, the NAMA buys 16 billion euros in loans at a discount of 47%.

Paral?lle be completed a recapitalization plan. According to analysts, banks would need 15 to 20 billion euros while strengthening their own funds. They could throw a party the money itself, by making asset sales. In return, the rules will have to be modified. The banks should strengthen their Core Tier 1 ratio to bring it to 7%. "We must put our banks in a situation where they will be able to finance themselves with confidence on the international markets," said Brian Lenihan.

The government should give more detail on Tuesday late afternoon.

Wave of nationalization

At the Dublin stock exchange, these ads and the suspense that surrounds them, are very unwelcome. Around 16 hours, the action Allied Irish Banks (AIB) loose 5.59% to 3.38 euros.Bank of Ireland (Bofi) lost 9.40% to 1.25 euros guaranteed payday loans. Already Monday, the shares of banks had been abused.

Investors are concerned because the wave of nationalization or increased state participation in banks suggests that such a plan. That recapitalization by the government should increase its stake in the bank (AIB) to more than 70% against 16% currently. The competitor in its Bank of Ireland (Bofi) should rise to 40% against 25% today. The state had already acquired shares having salvaged their coffers 3.5 billion euros.

The Anglo Irish Bank had already been nationalized last year.The government could also take control passage of two credit institutions Mutual, the Irish Nationwide and EBS.

Ireland under surveillance

Global markets keep an eye on the reforms undertaken in Ireland. The country is indeed one of the most affected by the crisis. In 2009, economic activity has suffered a fall of 7.1% and the country is still not out of the recession. The government keeps its hopes for recovery in the second half of this year.

According to analysts, if this ambitious plan than the original amounts provided by the government, this could affect the country's sovereign debt. Just as Greece, Portugal or Spain, Ireland through debt problems which have already led to a program of fiscal restraint in December.At 11.7% of GDP, the budget deficit is currently the largest after that of Greece which was 12.7%.

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From our Washington correspondent

Senator Chris Dodd dream of finishing his career in style. His desire to reform the American finance is not necessarily near completion. The Connecticut Democrat, to Congress since 1974, introduced on Monday a bill that takes into account a number of priorities but Barack Obama has the support of any Republican. "We must restore accountability to our financial system to restore confidence among Americans and that this system works and protects them," said Chris Dodd.

Unpopular in his constituency, the chairman of the Senate Banking Committee, aged 65, chose not to run again in November and is thus free of any pressure from lobbyists.However, his retirement program withholds part of the authority to rally his fellow skeptics to a text, however priority for the White House. This emphasizes that ten months after the outbreak of the financial crisis is urgent to implement concrete reforms.

Dodd has significantly altered the first draft that was presented in November. At the time, he had described as "abysmal failure" of how the Federal Reserve had analyzed the risks that led to the crisis. He then offered to withdraw the full power of Fed bank supervision to prevent him leaving that responsibility for the conduct of monetary policy.As a result of four months of pressure from the Treasury and the Fed, he proposed Monday a text that would strengthen the supervisory power of the Fed's biggest banks no teletrack payday loans . In addition, it would give the central bank of the United States new powers equivalent financial firms that do not collect public savings.

Deception left the Democratic Party

The Fed would be the same entity selected to house a new autonomous agency to regulate financial services to the general public. This solution creates a great disappointment to the left of the Democratic Party. Barney Frank, chairman of the Committee on Financial Services of the House, believes that inadequate regulation of mortgage and consumer credit is one of the major causes of the crisis.Through his efforts, the House of Representatives has already voted in December a different version of the finance reform that creates a new fully independent agency of the Fed.

The concessions made by Chris Dodd Republicans are not guarantees of the success of his approach. The Conservatives, although the Senate minority can block for months this reform. Conversely, the Democratic leaders of the House consider his text too timid compared to the version of the reform they have to pass in December.

This version will then be harmonized with the version passed in December in the House. After difficult negotiations ever between leaders of both chambers, it would then Senators and Representatives to vote again the same text before submitting it to the signature of President Obama. This will be achieved before the summer.It is unlikely that this deadline.

Calling Christian Estrosi, Minister of Industry, has been heard. The management of Total committed, in a statement to guarantee employment to every employee, regardless of the decision about the future of the Dunkirk refinery.

The Minister of Industry said that Monday morning that the government "will not accept" the closure of the Total refinery at Dunkirk "until there are no guarantees necessary for the sustainability" of 800 jobs concerned, "he said Monday on radio BFM.

"Total must invest in employment" (CFDT)

The secretary general of the CFDT (French Democratic Confederation of Labor), Fran?ois Ch?r?que must also be reassured that he claimed in the wake of Christian Estrosi, that: "Total has a lot of money, so total should invest in employment."He said Total "must go beyond" its legal obligations: "He has to justify the closure, but it must ensure that all the jobs lost are converted to another activity Total, not to mention sub-contractors' cash advance payday loan .

According to La Tribune, the continuation of the refining process would require 60 and 120 million euro investment.

In March 2009 already, the oil company had attracted the ire of politicians, after announcing the abolition of 555 posts in France, including 249 by 2013 in the refinery.A few weeks earlier, had issued a total record profit for 2008 of 13.9 billion euros.

Total release February 11 its profits in 2009, expected around 8 billion euros.

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