After the storm that plunged all the stock markets yesterday, the markets should be less nervous on Thursday. The Asian markets have returned to the green or show moderate declines. European shares are expected to follow the same tendency to appeasement and are expected to open up. In Paris the CAC 40 is expected to gain 1.4% in early trade, the Dax in Frankfurt 1.6% and the FTSE 100 in London 1.3%.

Wednesday, the markets were shaken by rumors of a deterioration in the rating of France, immediately denied by the rating agencies and the French government, and concerns about the health of the bank Societe Generale. And the CAC 40 plunged 5.45%, narrowly escaping the psychological threshold of 3000 points to 3002.99 points. Other European markets have suffered the same drop Frankfurt dropped 5.13%, 3.05% London. Madrid and Milan 5.49% 6.65%.In New York, the Dow fell 4.62% and 4.09% for the Nasdaq.

Bank stocks follow

Gold continues, meanwhile, fly from record to record. The precious metal has crossed the threshold of 1800 dollars. It is this Thursday morning in 1790 dollars, after hitting a new record of 1815.50 dollars. However, oil resumed its decline in Asia. Yet he had resisted the panic the day before with the announcement of a dramatic and unexpected decline in crude inventories in the United States. In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" lost 79 cents to 82.10 dollars and that of Brent North Sea fell by 1.10 dollars to 105.58 dollars.

Among the values ​​to be followed, the bank that have been heavily tested yesterday.In particular Société Générale, after unscrewing of 14.74% on Wednesday asked the Financial Markets Authority (AMF) to investigate the origin of the rumors that have depressed its course. The CEO of the bank, Frédéric Oudéa, denounced, in an interview with Le Figaro, "the series of attacks" against the French banking sector "sounds completely fantastic, I struggle with the utmost force, it is taken at Societe Generale, "he lamented. "We have no fear on our lending: we achieved 93% of our long-term funding program year, he added.Short-term side, we have 105 billion euros of underlying assets with central banks and keep full access to the interbank market. "

BNP Paribas and Credit Agricole also fell Wednesday by 9.5% and 11.8%.

In addition, EADS, the parent company of Airbus, said Wednesday it will not achieve its objectives in the United States in 2020 without new acquisitions.

Saint-Gobain has announced the acquisition of Solar Gard, a subsidiary of Belgian group dedicated to Bekaert Specialty Films, as part of its strategy to accelerate its growth through acquisitions.

The oil company Maurel & Prom has reported a surge of 123% of its revenue thanks to increased revenues in Gabon and Nigeria.

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Friday night, two days after intervening in Parliament without presenting concrete and after two weeks of falling markets, Silvio Berlusconi announced a drastic revision of budget targets. He was accompanied by his Minister of Economy, Giulio Tremonti: both showed a facade of unity after publicly bickered on the eve of the ECB's role in the crisis, which had a bad effect.

The new roadmap is binding. Parliament will be asked to register immediately the "golden rule" which prohibits any deficit in the Constitution. The balance of public accounts will advance to 2013 instead of 2014, deadline too far in the eyes of the markets. This means emerge from 7-8000000000 new resources in the form of budget cuts and reductions in structural costs.In this context, the Minister of Administration, Renato Brunetta, estimates that the deficit target to 1.5% of GDP next year and 0.2% at end 2013 is achievable. The government is also considering a new Labour Code introduced more flexibility in wage bargaining, tax reform, growth-oriented and cuts in government spending. It remains to translate these intentions into decrees by the Cabinet, so that Parliament can approve the final quarter of 2011.

Historically high rates

The pressure has paid off. Brussels and the ECB have joined forces this weekend to make the government realize that the time for procrastination was over. Rates have exceeded 400 basis points with the German Bunds, a historically high level. Italy has urged the ECB to acquire Italian government securities on the secondary market.Frankfurt on Sunday night welcomed the efforts of the country. The German Government considers that it is first in Italy to prove the seriousness of his reforms.

A crucial week therefore expects the peninsula. The social partners will be informed of the contents of the measures of fiscal austerity plan Wednesday. On Thursday, the budget committees and Constitutional Affairs will shorten their vacation to hear Giulio Tremonti.

New black day in European markets on Thursday … After a positive start of the session, the Paris Bourse trend changed abruptly in mid-day, gradually widening its losses throughout the afternoon. At the opening of Wall Street, the Paris index widened its losses, before diving even more sharply after 16 hours: the long-awaited intervention of Jean-Claude Trichet, president of the Central Bank (ECB) has indeed failed to relieve the stock markets. Operators have even made a fright late in the session, while the stop trading market indices for nearly an hour has raised fears of a suspension of classes due to stock market panic … Set to 15 minutes of the fence, which was ultimately a technical problem resulted in a sharp fall in the CAC 40 (-3.90%) at 3320.35 points, its lowest level two years.And other European stock markets have experienced almost the same movement of panic.

The scenario of this Thursday confirms that seen in Paris last week, namely an acceleration of losses at the time of the opening of U.S. markets close in a pout down more than 2%. "This confirms that the United States still give the" the "squares global analysis at Montsegur Finance Chaulet François. We currently have a suréaction operators who rely on the assumption of a return of the U.S. economy into recession. " A favored hypothesis for two or three weeks with the publication of figures across the Atlantic macroeconomic advanced, contradicting the idea of ​​catching up the economy in the United States, emerging from a recession that have to fall by 5% the GDP of the world's largest economy.

The technical rebound is expected

"The market has fallen into the hype on this subject and even capitulation, says François Chaulet. Added to this disproportionate sanctions on publications disappointing corporate earnings. And those who announce the results as expected are not rewarded fast cash now. They fall with the market, "For example, Veolia Environnement has seen its market capitalization divided by three since its profit warning on July 29.

The expected technical rebound this week after once in July already difficult, will not be today. "There was certainly a relief of the market for debt issues of U.S. and European full analyst.But beyond the announcement effect, investors are well aware that the solutions proposed (raising the ceiling of the debt in the U.S., and plan of aid to Greece ed) will not be so obvious that it set up. As long as there are political procrastination and that concrete measures are not implemented, the nervousness is expected to remain high, "adds he.

Opportunities to seize

Beyond this movement quite inexorable decline seen for ten days, the analyst points out, however, with a decline of 12% in five days, "we are still far from the levels of volatility in late 2008, where the movements daily up to 10%. In this context, there is no reason for the long-term investors do not come to the equity markets to take advantage of attractive valuations, "he says.A board to which some will probably oppose a speech often too optimistic on the part of financial analysts during a stock market panic.

Surrender is not waive

In terms of technique and market, capitulation means a massive sales of shares on stock markets, whatever the cost or risk of capital loss for the brokers. Often result in very large volumes of trade (4.8 billion euros at the end of Paris on Thursday) and a sharp drop in equity indices. Technically, however, this may be a sign of hope for the operators, the corresponding capitulation (in theory) to the lowest point of the market, the final step before the rebound. A theory that investors will surely be keen to see tomorrow ….

Find a solution to the debt crisis before the holidays. This is the roadmap of finance ministers of the euro zone next week. The European Council President, Herman van Rompuy, do not let them choose by calling Thursday for a summit. In the meantime, they must agree on the terms of a new plan of aid to Greece, the key to stability in the euro area.

"Our agenda will be the financial stability of the euro area as a whole and the future funding of the program (help) Greek," said Herman van Rompuy in a statement released Friday night. A summit should be held this week, but the disagreements were apparently still too large to meet the ministers of the euro area.

Friday, the German government still insisted on the need to reach a solution on this point before considering a meeting at the highest level."It's not a meeting in itself will help Greece, is a new program," said Berlin spokesman of German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Steffen Seibert. A meeting will take place only if "it makes sense and is necessary," he added.

"Practicalities"

The fact that the president of the EU sets a date for the meeting means that the countries of the region are close to an agreement to overcome their differences on the plan must shelter Greece until 2014. The difficulties relate to the private sector. While States have agreed on this principle, "the element that continues to be discussed is the scope and practical arrangements," said the Belgian Minister of Finance Didier Reynders.

This question, seemingly technical, is the more political aspects Payday Loan for Bad Credit.Specifically, Germany would like the creditor banks of Greece their hands to the portfolio. German Chancellor Angela Merkel does not want to antagonize the public, tired of paying for its European neighbors. The German solution has the potential to place Athens in de facto default. An option rejected by the European Central Bank (ECB), France and Madrid. "We made good progress" in discussions of the issues that upset "but there is still work to do," said a source close to the talks.

"Treat the Greek problem '

These dissensions troubled financial markets in the euro area. The crisis reached a new level this week, the contagion affecting Italy's third largest economy in the euro area. Rome, however, managed to extinguish the fire in the markets by adopting an emergency in the austerity plan of 48 billion euros.Publication of the results of stress tests of European banks on Friday could also help calm the fears of investors.

If the finance ministers do not want to disturb the relative calm, they will present next Thursday, practical solutions. "It should address the problem of Greece, as a starting point of an overall therapy," say economists at Credit Agricole. The recipe that will be applied to Greece as an example. "

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The French have a very vague idea of ​​what awaits them at the end of their careers, and that the anxiety. An international study of the HSBC bank, more than one French person in three (38%) know what will be its main source of retirement income. This is the highest score in the world (17% in this case are the United Kingdom, 9% in India). Further evidence of this vagueness, the French are also among the most likely to feel ill prepared for retirement (50% against 41% on average in the 17 countries assessed). Logically enough, these uncertainties generate fears for the first time since 2005 (launch date of this annual survey), financial security has caught up with good health as essential for living a happy retirement. And they are 69% think that their situation will be worse compared to that of their elders."The social mobility between generations is not broke, but he lost his speed, said the sociologist Jean-Philippe Viriot Durandal. The middle classes, in particular, fear the decommissioning and feel less protected from the effects of globalization. "Despite these concerns, the new rules of retirement are now clear. After the reform of the basic pension, adopted last October, the future of compulsory supplementary schemes remained unresolved. An unknown factor since the schemes Agirc (frames) and Arrco (for all private sector employees) are on average 57% of pension managers against 31% of the pension non-executives. The agreement signed by the social partners on 18 March (even if the CFE-CGC, non-signatory, is opposed to text) applies to occupational pensions as from 1 July.Brief overview of major changes.

How old is going to go?

So far, for a pension without additional haircut, two possibilities: either wait 65 years or liquidate his retirement earlier than age 60 and have all his quarters in the basic (163 for persons born in 1951, 164 for those born in 1952, 165 classes for 1953 and following). Negotiators Agirc-Arrco have decided to offer "any reform, no reform that" the basic plan: These two terminals will be gradually raised to reach 62 years and 67 years from the 1956 cohort. The first step comes from the 1st July, with the passage of 60 years and 4 months for those born after 1 July 1951 payday loan companies. Under certain conditions (long careers, difficult mother of three children born before 1956, workers with disabilities), early departures are possible.And it is possible to liquidate his retirement Agirc Arrco-five years before the legal age applied to the basal diet (55 and 57 years today in the future), but at the cost of a high amputation of the pension.

The current arrangement providing for the costs of pensions before age 65 for supplementary pension schemes based on AFFMB (Association for the fund management and financing of Arrco Agirc). He was reappointed until 2018. Good news for sure because in the past, the MEDEF has sometimes threatened not to extend this system, which would cut pensions significantly. From a practical standpoint, pensions Agirc-Arrco will now be paid monthly rather than quarterly basis beginning in 2014. As for performance, ie the ratio between contributions paid and pensions received, it will continue to decline in Arrco in 2011 and 2012. It will drop even faster to Agirc to be aligned with Arrco.So far, for 100 euros assessed during the career, the annual pension amounts to 6.59 euros and 6.70 euros Arrco to Agirc. But then, from 2013 to 2015, this performance has stabilized.

The new rule concerning the parents of three children is unique: a 10% bonus for all supplementary pensions, as in the basic schemes. The benefit would be capped at 1,000 euros per year and as many Arrco Agirc. This bonus replaces the 5% proposed by Agirc which were added, for managers, 8% for the parents of three children, 12% for four children, 16% for those who have five, 20 and 24% for six % above. These new rules should benefit a vast majority of contributors and disadvantage some very high-income executives and / or parents of at least four children.The reform will apply to the rights and pensions obtained after 1 January 2012, pensions paid after that date, the old rule applies until the end of the year. The surcharge for each child Arrco still dependent in retirement (5% uncapped) for his part had almost disappeared. She was finally extended to Agirc.

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The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of WHO said Tuesday that the use of mobile phones should be considered as "possibly carcinogenic to humans". This announcement comes after a meeting that brought together for eight days in Lyon thirty experts from 14 countries, could generate much response. In reality, this classification reveals uncertainty experts face a potential risk. Besides mobile phones, the decision also applies to other wireless phones.

"The evidence continues to accumulate that are strong enough to warrant classification at 2B (one of five levels of classification that defines product" possibly carcinogenic "to humans, Ed)," said Jonathan Samet , chairman of the working group, during a telephone press conference."The working group based this classification (…) on epidemiological studies showing an increased risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer associated with the use of wireless phones," he said. This ranking means he believes that "there may be a risk, and therefore we must closely monitor the link between mobile phones and cancer risk."

Tumors of the auditory nerve

Experts have analyzed hundreds of studies already published on the subject short term personal loan. The possible association between wireless phones and cancer focuses on gliomas and acoustic neuromas, tumors of the auditory nerve. The potential risk involved rather large users (thirty minutes per day for over ten years). Experts believe that further studies are needed long term to refine this classification.Meanwhile, they ask that pragmatic measures such as promotion of hands-free, are taken to reduce personal exposure.

In contrast, radar, microwaves and radio signal transmitters, television or wireless telecommunications (masts) were not classified due to insufficient data.

The World Health Organization classifies products or agents used by humans into five groups according to their risk of cancer. Group 1 identifies the 107 carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A, so-called "probably carcinogenic" (59), 2B substances "possibly carcinogenic" (266), group 3, the agents "unclassifiable" and group 4, the "probably not carcinogenic."

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Wolfgang Schäuble confirmed and signed. At the risk of alienating France and the ECB, the German Finance Minister said yesterday that "the time has come" to pay to banks and private investors holding the bag in the crisis of sovereign debt. "It's a question of moral responsibility, said the German official. Ultimately, investors – and that includes of course the European bond holders – must support both the risks and the benefits of their investment. In recent crises, it is almost exclusively the taxpayers who have borne the loss. This is unacceptable! "

The offensive seeks to convince partners of Germany, when the bloc about to lock a permanent mechanism for rescue of troubled countries. Joined the menu of the June EU summit, the European Stability Mechanism (SPM) should enter into operation in 2013.But in the midst of controversy over a possible debt forgiveness in favor of Athens, Wolfgang Schäuble furbishes also the weapons of those who argue that the creditor banks should immediately take their share of the burden.

Market Discipline

The replica of the European Central Bank did not take long. The chief economist Juergen Stark has denounced as a "catastrophe" scenario of a debt restructuring Greek. It would cause, he said, "collapse" of the economy and banking system in the country. Across the eurozone, it would complicate the use of borrowing for other troubled countries. It would kill the plans in the bud "adjustment" set up for Ireland and Portugal. For Vice-President of the ECB's Vitor Constancio, "The debt restructuring should remain what it is, a final and last resort."

France, she is sticking to its position."It is beyond question, be it restructuring, rescheduling or debt reprofiling, Tuesday assured Christine Lagarde. The only issue at stake is the determination of Greece to implement the program, "austerity negotiated with the EU, the IMF and the ECB.

Expected at the forum yesterday in Brussels, the French minister was canceled. We need more to convince markets that the succession process rigor imposed on Greece, Ireland and Portugal may succeed.

"The political risk of alienating voters'

Deutsche Bank expects a debt forgiveness of 50% to allow Greece to start on a sound footing. "Nobody can argue that Europe now has a satisfactory system rescue, said its chief economist Thomas Mayer.Banks should, too, suffer the discipline of the market and fail if necessary "under the weight of bad loans.

Wolfgang Schäuble added to demonstrate a political argument to deflect the rise of populism. "To constantly refloat private investors, policy makers may simply alienate European voters. It's not for nothing that the EU institutions are perceived as distant, technocratic and locked in a world of impenetrable jargon and insider trading. "To constantly refloat private investors, policymakers may s alienate voters in Europe … "

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»COMPUTER GRAPHICS – These figures make the misfortune of the Greeks

Sad record. In France, more than a third of all software installed on PCs in 2010 was pirated, according to the latest study by Business Software Alliance (BSA), an international group of software publishers. This represents a market value of 1.9 billion euros, on a global market estimated at 9.5 billion euros. "The retail market is worse than that of businesses, but it is more difficult to control," said Eric Beaurepaire, a member of BSA.

Worldwide, software piracy generates a shortfall of 44 billion and ten billion for Europe alone. The United States is the country where the loss in value is most important, accounting for 7.1 billion euros. But in some "small" European countries, legislation and a little flexible when the market is still underdeveloped, the piracy rate is approaching 70%, as in Bulgaria or Romania.More generally, emerging markets are at a peak, with a piracy rate 2.5 higher than in mature markets, with a total value estimated at 21.7 billion euros.

At the head office and messaging

Pirated software the most concern the office and mail systems. What makes Microsoft the publisher the most penalized. Exposure correlated with its market share. The case of misuse is the most common deployment abusive (a company buys a license for 100 PCs and installs it on 200). "Cases of pure piracy, with the use of unlicensed software, are more rare," says Eric Beaurepaire.

This does not prevent users or even entire departments of large private companies fraudulently install software on their devices, possibly bypassing the procedures established by IT departments."Such practices can have dramatic consequences for societies. Pirated software can be corrupted with viruses … "insists Eric Beaurepaire. Not to mention the risk of financial penalties for the company.

Departments also

In France, where industry, technical fields and those related to the creation on the Internet appear to be less virtuous, no area is spared, not even the utility or ministries! Moreover, there is no real correlation between the rate of software piracy and its price. The most expensive are not necessarily the most coveted.Thus, security software, which does not always worth a score of euros, are not copied less than for professionals, which can be worth several thousand euros.

Paradoxically, the French might be followers of illegal copying, they say they are also very sensitive to the respect of intellectual property. A poll conducted by Ipsos for the BSA found that 68% of French people support the remuneration of inventors the world average is 71%. Aware of the risks of "software purchased on the street or" borrowed "between friends", the French, however, not hesitate to perform multiple installations, they do not perceive a real fraud.The advantages of software legally acquired access to technical assistance, protection against intruders … not enough to convince either the French users, less sensitive than the rest of the world to these arguments.

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Carrefour unions must decide before the end of the week on the new pay proposals of management, after a strike followed very Saturday, April 9. TF, the main organization of the group, announced it would sign. The agreement includes a 2% increase to 220 euros gross premium.

In recent weeks, wage disputes have increased, fueled by the resurgence of inflation. Employees of Toyota and Eiffage ended their movements for several weeks, while those of Ferrero blocked the production of Nutella in Normandy. Other stoppages took place in recent weeks among automotive suppliers, with General Motors in Strasbourg, Thales, Equant, Camaïeu in the North, or even the U.S. giant Procter & Gamble.

The period of mandatory annual wage negotiations may be over, disputes are continuing."This follows a wave of wage moderation: the average increases of 3% before the financial crisis fallout between 2 and 2.5% for two years in large companies. Expectations in terms of changes in purchasing power have been disappointed, "said Richard Anthony, the Cabinet Business and Personal. According to Hewitt, the average increases would be limited to 2.6% in 2011, against 3.3 to 3.5% during the last thirty years paydayloan.

The purchasing power in question

The hopes raised by the return to healthy profits for big groups seem to turn into a continuing practice of wage moderation. "Companies lack the visibility and maintain a degree of caution," explains Sophia Kettani, in charge of compensation issues at Towers Watson. Employees feel they miss out of looming crisis.The government wants to regain control of the issue, seeking to link dividend and bonus pay. Conceived as binding, the measure has sparked the ire of employers and the skepticism of some trade unions and could become optional.

"The question of purchasing power arises, but we must look at the payroll as a whole. There are already ways to meet them, as the Law on Supplements Incentive in December 2008. However, if one takes into account increases in remuneration packages are around 3%. Companies generally seem to have taken account of the context, "said Jean-Christophe Sciberras, president of the association ANDRH.

Carrefour at home Camaïeu, if the increases are limited to 2%, the agreements provide more incentives and higher discount rates in the stores for staff, for example.

The President came in person at Nesle, Somme, officially announced the canal Seine-Nord Europe. This equipment of 106 km is expected to connect the river systems of northern Europe to the Seine for large-gauge barges by 2017.

"If the head of state is not involved personally to advance a project of this magnitude, nothing comes out," said Nicolas Sarkozy. This is actually two decades that early studies were initiated. The challenge: to get barges of 4,500 tons against only 650 tons today.

"The crisis is not an argument to halt the project, it is an argument to push him," stressed the Head of State announced the creation of 4,500 jobs for construction and 25,000 jobs to run.The difficulties in financing this major project, now estimated at over 4 payday loan lenders.2 billion euros to explain his slow start. Finally, regions and departments will pay crossed 710 million euros, ports (Le Havre, Rouen, Paris, Dunkirk) 106 million, the European Commission 333 million. "We also expect a contribution from the general advice of Ile-de-France," says Nicolas Bour, project director for the Waterways of France (VNF).

The private sector will invest over 2 billion euros. Bouygues and Vinci-Eiffage consortium have expressed interest to participate in "competitive dialogue" launched Tuesday. The final selection will occur within eighteen months after exchanges between manufacturers and government to refine the project technically and economically.